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Hairy root culture, also called transformed root culture, is a type of plant tissue culture that is used to study plant metabolic processes or to produce valuable secondary metabolites or recombinant proteins, often with plant genetic engineering. A naturally occurring soil bacterium ''Agrobacterium rhizogenes'' that contains root inducing plasmids (also called Ri plasmids) can infect plant roots and cause them to produce a food source for the bacterium, opines, and to grow abnormally. The abnormal roots are particularly easy to culture in artificial media because hormones are not needed,〔 and they are neoplastic, with indefinite growth. The neoplastic roots produced by ''A. rhizogenes'' infection have a high growth rate (compared to untransformed adventitious roots), as well as genetic and biochemical stability. Currently the main constraint for commercial utilization of hairy root culture is the development and up-scaling of appropriate (bioreactors) vessels for the delicate and sensitive hairy roots. 〔 So far, the companies based on Non GMO Hairy root Cultures as an industrial level are a Swiss company called (ROOTec bioactives AG ) in Witterswil (SO) and a Belgian company called Green2Chem (). There also is a French company called (Root Lines Technology SAS ) which uses Genetically Modified Hairy root cultures . == Metabolic studies == Hairy root cultures can be used for phytoremediation, and are particularly valuable for studies of the metabolic processes involved in phytoremediation.〔 Further applications include detailed studies of fundamental molecular, genetic and biochemical aspects of genetic transformation and of hairy root induction. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Hairy root culture」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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